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The Pillar of the Boatmen (French ''Pilier des nautes'') is a square-section stone bas-relief with depictions of several deities, both Gaulish and Roman. Dating to the first quarter of the 1st century AD, it originally stood in a temple in the Gallo-Roman ''civitas'' of Lutetia (modern Paris, France) and is one of the earliest pieces of representational Gaulish art to carry a written inscription . It is displayed in the frigidarium of the Thermes de Cluny. ==Inscription== Written in Latin with some Gaulish language features, the inscription mingles Roman deities with gods that are distinctly Gallic. The pillar is dated by a dedication to ''Tiberius Caesar Augustus'', that is, Tiberius, who became emperor in 14 AD. It was set up publicly ''(publice posierunt)'' by the guild of sailors of Lutetia, from the ''civitas'' of the Parisii ''(nautae Parisiaci)''. These sailors would have been merchants who travelled along the Seine. The main dedication is to Jupiter, in the form of ''Iovis Optimus Maximus'' ("Jove Best and Greatest"). The names of the emperor and the supreme deity appear in the dative case as the recipients of the dedication. The remaining theonyms are nominative legends that accompany individual depictions of the gods. These are (in the order they appear below) Jove, Tarvos Trigaranos (the Bull with three Cranes), Volcanus (Vulcan), Esus, Cernunnos, Castor, Smertrios, and Fortuna. The dedication (; ''RIG'' L2-1) is as follows: :Tib(erio) Caesare / :Aug(usto) Ioui Optum() / :Maxsumo / :nautae Parisiaci / :publice posierunt // :Eurises // Senan() U()e()lo()() // :Iouis // Taruos Trigaranus // :Volcanus // Esus // :()ernunnos // Castor // () // :Smer() // :Fort() // ()TVS() // D() The pillar provides the only undisputed instance of the divine name ''Cernunnos'' . The Gaulish theonyms are presented as deity names in their own right, and not as epithets for Roman gods (by contrast, see the many Celtic gods syncretized with Mars). Other figures appear on the pillar without legible inscriptions, including the Roman gods Mars and Mercury, who can be identified by their conventional iconography, and other unidentified figures, mainly female. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pillar of the Boatmen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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